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Intracranial neoplasms in children in Ibadan, Nigeria
Insights
This study analyzed pediatric intracranial tumors in Nigeria, finding they are most common in young males. Astrocytomas and medulloblastomas were frequent histological types, with supratentorial tumors comprising over half.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Neuropathology
- Neuro-oncology
Background:
- Intracranial tumors represent a significant health challenge in pediatric populations worldwide.
- Understanding the epidemiology and characteristics of these tumors is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the incidence, location, and histological types of intracranial tumors in children treated at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- To provide insights into the specific patterns of pediatric brain tumors in a West African population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 89 pediatric intracranial tumor cases.
- Data collected from 1960 to 1982 at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- Review of clinical presentations, tumor locations, and histopathological findings.
Main Results:
- Intracranial tumors were most prevalent in the first decade of life, with a higher incidence in males.
- Supratentorial tumors accounted for 53% of primary brain tumors.
- Common histological types included astrocytomas, medulloblastomas, ependymomas, and oligodendrogliomas.
- Craniopharyngiomas were frequent supratentorial neoplasms, and central nervous system involvement in Burkitt's lymphoma was a notable complication.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric intracranial tumors in Ibadan exhibit distinct epidemiological and histological features.
- The findings highlight the importance of considering specific tumor types and complications like Burkitt's lymphoma in this region.
- Further research is warranted to inform targeted interventions for childhood brain tumors in Nigeria.
Abstract:
Analysis of 89 intracranial tumors in children presenting at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, between 1960 and 1982 is reported. These tumors are commonest in the first decade of life and occur more in males than in females. Fifty-three per cent of the primary brain tumors are supratentorial. The commonest sites are cerebellum, cerebrum, and the pons. The common histological types are astrocytomas, medulloblastomas, ependymomas, and oligodendrogliomas. Craniopharyngiomas are among the most frequent supratentorial neoplasms in Ibadan children and the central nervous system involvement in cases of Burkitt's lymphoma is a frequent complication.