Tongue Pressure Resistance Training for Post-Stroke Dysphagia: A Case Study

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Speech-Language Pathology
• Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

• Lingual resistance training (LRT) for dysphagia shows mixed outcomes due to varied methods.
• Reduced tongue pressure is common after stroke, impacting swallowing function.
• This study addresses the need for clarity on LRT's utility in post-stroke dysphagia.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of a specific LRT protocol on swallowing function.
• To assess changes in tongue pressure and videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) parameters.
• To evaluate outcomes in an individual with post-stroke dysphagia and reduced tongue pressure.

Main Methods:

• A single-case study design was employed.
• A 4-week lead-in period preceded an 8-week LRT intervention.
• Videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS) were conducted at baseline, post-lead-in, and post-intervention.

Main Results:

• Isometric tongue pressures (MAIP, MPIP, RESS) improved after LRT.
• Swallowing safety significantly improved, with Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) scores decreasing from 8 to 1.
• Swallowing efficiency measures, including reduced pharyngeal residue and improved laryngeal closure, showed positive changes.

Conclusions:

• Pilot data suggest LRT can improve specific swallowing parameters.
• The findings support the potential benefit of targeted LRT for post-stroke dysphagia.
• Further research with larger sample sizes is warranted to confirm these results.