Reducing Osteopenia of Prematurity-related Fractures in a Level IV NICU: A Quality Improvement Initiative

Linsey Cromwell1, Katherine Breznak2, Megan Young3

  • 1From the Department of Pediatrics St Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia Pa.

PubMed

Insights

Implementing a standardized approach significantly reduced fractures in premature infants. This quality improvement initiative improved care for osteopenia of prematurity (OOP) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Bone Health
  • Quality Improvement Science

Background:

  • Osteopenia of prematurity (OOP) is a silent condition in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) linked to increased infant morbidity, including fractures.
  • Practices for screening, diagnosing, and managing OOP vary widely, contributing to suboptimal patient outcomes.
  • Fractures associated with OOP represent a significant challenge in neonatal care, necessitating standardized interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To decrease osteopenia of prematurity (OOP)-related fractures by 20% within one year in a level IV neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
  • To address the inconsistent screening, diagnosis, and management of OOP contributing to fractures.
  • To implement a quality improvement initiative to standardize care for at-risk infants.

Main Methods:

  • A multidisciplinary quality improvement team identified key drivers of OOP-related fractures.
  • Sequential interventions were implemented using the model for improvement, including a standardized screening, diagnosis, and management algorithm.
  • A "handle-with-care" bundle was developed and applied to infants identified as at risk for fractures.

Main Results:

  • The study included 194 at-risk infants, with 59 diagnosed with OOP.
  • Interventions led to a significant reduction in OOP-related fractures, from 0.43 to 0.06 per 1000 patient days.
  • The average time between fractures increased from 62 to 337 days, demonstrating sustained improvement.

Conclusions:

  • A multidisciplinary team approach is crucial for reducing fractures in premature infants.
  • Standardized guidelines for OOP screening, diagnosis, and management effectively decrease fracture rates.
  • Implementing a "handle-with-care" bundle as part of a quality improvement initiative improves outcomes for infants at risk of OOP.
Abstract