Advanced efficient energy management strategy based on state machine control for multi-sources PV-PEMFC-batteries...

Area of Science:

• Renewable Energy Systems
• Power Electronics
• Control Systems Engineering

Background:

• Meeting fluctuating energy demands with renewable sources like photovoltaics (PV) and proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) presents challenges in maintaining system stability and component longevity.
• Existing energy management strategies (EMS) often struggle to optimize the interplay between PV, PEMFC, and battery storage, impacting overall system efficiency and reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate a novel energy management strategy (EMS) for a multi-source renewable system (MSRS) integrating PV, PEMFC, and batteries.
• To ensure stable DC link voltage, extend battery lifespan, and meet dynamic power demands efficiently.
• To enhance the overall system efficiency and reliability through optimized control and power management.

Main Methods:

• Implementation of a fuzzy logic Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for optimal PV operation under diverse irradiation levels.
• Design of a 15-step state machine control (SMC) prioritizing PEMFC for battery charging when surplus power is available and State of Charge (SOC) is low.
• Coordination of control and power management for seamless operation of the MSRS.

Main Results:

• The proposed SMC achieved an average improvement of 2.3% in overall system efficiency compared to conventional methods.
• Maximum system efficiency of 97.2% was recorded under high load conditions with SOC exceeding SOCmax.
• The MSRS demonstrated sustained power supply, maintaining an average of 96.5% over 7.5 seconds.

Conclusions:

• The developed state machine control (SMC) effectively manages energy resources in a multi-source renewable system (MSRS).
• The proposed EMS enhances system efficiency, reliability, and battery lifespan.
• Simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink validate the effectiveness of the control and management techniques.