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Updated: Jun 29, 2025
Coculture Assays to Study Macrophage and Microglia Stimulation of Glioblastoma Invasion
Published on: October 20, 2016
PTPN7 mediates macrophage-polarization and determines immunotherapy in gliomas: A single-cell sequencing analysis
Xiang Ji1, Jingsong Cheng1, Jing Su1
1Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Background:
Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 7 (PTPN7) is a signaling molecule that regulates a multitude of cellular processes, spanning cell proliferation, cellular differentiation, the mitotic cycle, and oncogenic metamorphosis. However, the characteristic of PTPN7 in the glioma microenvironment has yet to be elucidated.
Methods:
The prognostic value, genomic features, immune characteristics, chemotherapy prediction, and immunotherapy prediction of PTPN7 were systematically explored at the bulk sequencing level. The cell evolution trajectory, cell communication pattern, and cell metabolic activity related to PTPN7 were systematically explored at the single-cell sequencing level. HMC3 and M0 cells were cocultured with U251 and T98G cells, and flow cytometry was carried out to investigate the polarization of HMC3 and M0. Transwell assay and CCK-8 assay were performed to explore the migration and proliferation activity of U251 and T98G.
Results:
The expression level of PTPN7 is significantly elevated in glioma and indicates malignant features. PTPN7 expression predicts worse prognosis of glioma patients. PTPN7 is associated with genome alteration and immune infiltration. Besides, PTPN7 plays a crucial role in modulating metabolic and immunogenic processes, particularly by influencing the activity of microglia and macrophages through multiple signaling pathways involved in cellular communication. Specifically, PTPN7 actively mediates inflammation-resolving-polarization of macrophages and microglia and protects glioma from immune attack. PTPN7 could also predict the response of immunotherapy.
Conclusions:
PTPN7 is critically involved in inflammation-resolving-polarization mediated by macrophage and microglia and promotes the immune escape of glioma cells.
Insights
Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 7 (PTPN7) promotes glioma immune escape by mediating macrophage and microglia polarization. Elevated PTPN7 expression indicates malignant features and predicts a worse prognosis for glioma patients.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Cancer immunology
- Molecular biology
Background:
- Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 7 (PTPN7) regulates critical cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, and oncogenesis.
- The role of PTPN7 within the complex glioma microenvironment remains largely uncharacterized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the characteristic role of PTPN7 in glioma.
- To investigate the prognostic, genomic, immune, and therapeutic implications of PTPN7 in glioma.
Main Methods:
- Systematic exploration of PTPN7 at bulk and single-cell sequencing levels.
- In vitro coculture assays (HMC3, M0, U251, T98G) with flow cytometry, Transwell, and CCK-8 assays to assess cell behavior and polarization.
Main Results:
- PTPN7 expression is significantly elevated in glioma, correlating with malignant features and poor prognosis.
- PTPN7 influences genomic alterations, immune infiltration, and metabolic/immunogenic processes, particularly modulating microglia and macrophage activity.
- PTPN7 mediates inflammation-resolving polarization of immune cells, protecting glioma from immune attack and predicting immunotherapy response.
Conclusions:
- PTPN7 critically drives inflammation-resolving polarization in macrophages and microglia.
- PTPN7 promotes glioma immune escape, highlighting its role as a therapeutic target.
