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Gender-specific link between sleep quality and body composition components: a cross-sectional study on the elderly
Ali Kohanmoo1, Asma Kazemi2, Morteza Zare3
1Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Razi Blvd, Shiraz, 7153675541, Iran.
Scientific Reports
|April 6, 2024
Summary
Poor sleep quality is linked to adverse body composition in elderly women, including higher BMI and body fat, and lower muscle mass. Healthcare strategies should integrate sleep improvement with weight and muscle management for older adults.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Sleep Medicine
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Sleep duration is a known factor associated with overweight and obesity.
- Aging significantly impacts both sleep quality and body composition.
- Understanding these age-related changes is crucial for geriatric health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between sleep quality and various body composition components in elderly individuals.
- To determine if this association differs between men and women in this age group.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 305 Iranian community-dwelling elderly individuals (≥65 years).
- Sleep quality assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).
- Body composition measured via bioelectrical impedance analysis, including BMI, body fat percentage, visceral adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and fat-free mass.
Main Results:
- Prevalence of poor sleep quality was 48.9% in men and 77.0% in women.
- Prevalence of overweight/obesity was 54.4% in men and 79.3% in women.
- Women exhibited worse sleep quality and poorer body composition (higher BMI, body fat, visceral fat; lower muscle mass) compared to men.
- In women, poor sleep quality was associated with higher BMI, waist circumference, body fat, and visceral fat, and lower skeletal muscle and fat-free mass percentages.
- In men, poor sleep quality was associated with higher BMI and waist circumference, but not other body composition markers.
Conclusions:
- Poor sleep quality is significantly associated with adverse body composition in elderly women, highlighting a critical link between sleep and metabolic health in aging.
- Healthcare strategies for the elderly should adopt a holistic approach, integrating interventions for sleep quality improvement with weight management and prevention of muscle wasting.
- Addressing sleep disturbances may be a key component in managing obesity and sarcopenia in the aging population.
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