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A Multivariate Study on the Adherence With Non-invasive Ventilation in People With Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Athanasios Karagiannis1, Theodora Kafkia2, Maria Tzitiridou1
1Department of Midwifery, University of Western Macedonia, Ptolemaida, Greece.
Summary
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) adherence in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) patients is influenced by mask type and seasonality. Longer CPAP use and specific mask types improve adherence, while mask leaks and shorter usage duration decrease it.
Area of Science:
- Sleep Medicine
- Respiratory Medicine
- Medical Device Adherence
Background:
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder impacting global health.
- Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy is effective but faces patient adherence challenges.
- Year-round consistent CPAP use remains a significant hurdle for many OSA patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate adherence patterns in a large cohort of Greek OSA patients using CPAP.
- To identify independent predictors of CPAP adherence and year-round variations.
- To explore the impact of mask type, mask leaks, and usage duration on adherence.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative observational study analyzing data from 1987 OSA patients using CPAP devices.
- Data collected in 2023 included Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), mask type, mask leaks, and device usage duration.
- Multinomial logistic regression was employed to identify factors influencing adherence.
Main Results:
- Adherence was highest among patients using CPAP for over 4 years (54.9%) and nasal/pillow masks (59.1%).
- Summer showed the highest rate of non-adherence (32.8%).
- Factors influencing adherence included BMI, mask type (full-face masks improved adherence), mask leaking (especially in spring), and duration of CPAP use (<4 years associated with non-adherence).
Conclusions:
- CPAP device data offers valuable insights into therapy compliance.
- Seasonality significantly impacts CPAP adherence.
- Mask type and air leaking are crucial factors affecting consistent CPAP device use.
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