[Perioperative visual loss : Rare, unknown, relevant?]

Perioperative visual loss (POVL) is a rare but severe complication following non-ophthalmological surgery under general anesthesia. A POVL can be caused by lesions in any part of the optical system. The predominant causes include corneal injuries and particularly ischemic damage. The symptoms of POVL substantially vary ranging from reduced vision to complete blindness. The risks involve factors related to the surgery as well as patient-specific factors. In general, the prognosis in cases of mechanical damage is better than for ischemic lesions. The treatment measures depend on the underlying pathomechanism and due to the limited evidence only a few treatment options are available. Therefore, preventive measures and meticulous documentation play a crucial role.