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[Perioperative visual loss : Rare, unknown, relevant?]

Nicolina Michels1, Raffaella Fantin2

  • 1Universitätsklinik für Anästhesie und Intensivmedizin, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich. nicolina.michels@tirol-kliniken.at.

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Summary

Perioperative visual loss (POVL) is a rare complication of general anesthesia surgery. Prompt diagnosis and prevention are crucial due to limited treatment options for optical system damage.

Keywords:
Corneal injuriesCortical blindnessGeneral anesthesiaIschemic optic neuropathyRetinal artery occlusion

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Anesthesiology
  • Surgical Complications

Context:

  • Perioperative visual loss (POVL) is an infrequent yet serious complication.
  • It occurs following non-ophthalmological surgery under general anesthesia.
  • POVL affects any part of the optical system, with corneal injuries and ischemic damage being primary causes.

Purpose:

  • To review the causes, risk factors, and management of perioperative visual loss.
  • To highlight the importance of preventive strategies and documentation in managing POVL.

Summary:

  • POVL presents with varied symptoms, from mild vision reduction to complete blindness.
  • Risk factors include both surgical and patient-specific elements.
  • Prognosis is generally better for mechanical injuries than ischemic lesions.

Impact:

  • Limited evidence necessitates a focus on prevention and meticulous documentation.
  • Understanding POVL mechanisms is key for developing effective management strategies.
  • Improved awareness can lead to better patient outcomes and reduced incidence of visual impairment post-surgery.