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Antimicrobial Characterization of Advanced Materials for Bioengineering Applications
Published on: August 4, 2018
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Multifunctional 58S Bioactive Glass/Silver/Cerium Oxide-Based Biocomposites with Effective Antibacterial,
Indrajeet Singh1,2, Kaushal Shakya1, Pankaj Gupta3
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 8, 2024
Summary
This study developed silver and ceria nanoparticle-reinforced bioactive glass (BGAC) biocomposites. The enhanced BGAC materials exhibit improved antibacterial, antioxidant, and mechanical properties for bone tissue engineering applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- 58S bioactive glass (BG) offers good biocompatibility and bioresorbability for bone tissue engineering.
- Limitations of 58S BG include suboptimal antibacterial, antioxidant, and mechanical properties.
- Enhancing BG properties is crucial for advanced bone regeneration applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop novel BGAC biocomposites by incorporating silver and ceria nanoparticles into 58S BG.
- To evaluate the antibacterial, antioxidant, mechanical, and cytocompatibility properties of the developed biocomposites.
- To assess the potential of BGAC biocomposites for bone healing applications.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of BGAC biocomposites using 58S BG reinforced with silver and ceria nanoparticles.
- Assessment of antibacterial activity via disc diffusion assay against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
- Evaluation of antioxidant properties using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay.
- Characterization of mechanical properties including elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness.
- Analysis of cytocompatibility using resazurin reduction and MTT assays on NIH3T3 and bone marrow stromal cells.
Main Results:
- BGAC biocomposites demonstrated significant bactericidal effects with inhibited zones of 2.13 mm (E. coli) and 1.96 mm (S. aureus).
- Antioxidant properties increased by 39.9%, and mechanical properties showed substantial improvements: elastic modulus (~84.7%), hardness (~54.5%), and fracture toughness (~160%).
- Specific wear rate decreased by ~55.2%, and cytocompatibility assays confirmed excellent performance with fibroblast and bone marrow stromal cells.
Conclusions:
- BGAC biocomposites effectively address the limitations of 58S BG by enhancing antibacterial, antioxidant, and mechanical profiles.
- The developed materials exhibit mechanical properties comparable to cancellous bone.
- BGAC biocomposites show promising potential as advanced materials for bone healing due to their combined efficacy.
