Tuberculosis and its clinical consequences on Women's health

Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis, a fatal infection resulting in widespread illness and death. In 2020, approximately 10 million people were diagnosed with tuberculosis. The top 30 tuberculosis-endemic countries accounted for 86% of all estimated occurrence cases worldwide. In this context, eight of these accounted for two-thirds of the global total, with India having a prevalence of 26%. Aside from lung inflammation, the risk factors for tuberculosis in women include extra-pulmonary infection, particularly genital tuberculosis, tuberculous mastitis, and tuberculous in the peritoneum, intestine, and spine. Depending on the epidemiologic context and screening methods, different tuberculosis symptoms and disease diagnoses are more or less common among expectant mothers. The disease is almost certainly going to have a global impact. The social stigma and anxiety associated with tuberculosis may have a much more significant negative impact on women's health behaviors than men. Notably, the abdominal sites of miliary tuberculosis could mimic tumor likely, carcinoma and lymphoma. Also, the results of the diagnostic accuracy tests for the condition demonstrate that extra-pulmonary tuberculosis can be quickly and accurately diagnosed in various sites using both the T-SPOT assay and the GeneXpert/PCR test. Therefore, this review exemplified the prevalence of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis at various points in women's lives. On the contrary, it also illustrated the symptoms and dangers of TB as they relate to women's health.