Effects of interval training on haemodynamic variables after coronary artery bypass graft: A meta-analysis
Fatima Zehra1, Sehrish Aslam2, Mehjabeen Saeed2
1Jinnah University for Women, Karachi, Pakistan.
Insights
Interval training programs show a small positive impact on reducing systolic blood pressure in coronary artery bypass graft patients. Continuous training also demonstrated a minor effect on diastolic blood pressure and heart rate.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Exercise Physiology
- Cardiac Rehabilitation
- Sports Medicine
Background:
- Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery patients often experience altered hemodynamic variables.
- Effective rehabilitation strategies are crucial for improving patient outcomes post-CABG.
- Interval training is a potential intervention to modulate cardiovascular health.
Approach:
- A meta-analysis was conducted on studies published between 2009 and 2020.
- Searched multiple electronic databases for relevant literature.
- Analyzed the effects of interval training on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate in CABG patients.
Key Points:
- Interval training demonstrated a mild improvement in decreasing systolic blood pressure (SBP) compared to control groups (effect size -0.226).
- A small effect size was observed for diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (0.136) and heart rate (HR) (0.155).
- Various interval training protocols, including high-intensity and aerobic, were assessed.
Conclusions:
- Interval training programs exhibit a small effect on reducing SBP in CABG patients.
- Continuous training protocols also showed a small effect size on DBP and HR.
- These findings suggest interval training as a beneficial component of cardiac rehabilitation.
Objective:
To assess the combined impact of interval training programme on haemodynamic variables, specifically blood pressure and heart rate, in patients having undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Methods:
The meta-analysis was conducted from October to December 2022, and comprised search on PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, PeDro, EMBASE, Science Direct, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, Google Scholar and Scopus electronic databases by two researchers independently for literature published between 2009 and 2020 related to the effects of interval training on coronary artery bypass graft patients. Meta-analysis was then performed to analyse the effects of an interval training on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate. The meta-analysis was performed in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines.
Results:
Of the 122 studies initially located, 7 were related to the effects of different forms of interval trainings and their impact on systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the patients, and 5 studies analysing the effects of interval trainings on heart rate. Interval training showed mild improvement in decreasing SBP compared to control groups. Standardized mean difference suggested an effect size of -0.226 in random effect model (I2=52.01; p=0.064). Similarly, a small effect size of 0.136 (I2=39.19%, p=0.14) was observed for diastolic blood pressure. Also, there was a small effect size of 0.155 (I2= 28.08, p=0.23) observed for heart rate.
Conclusion:
Interval training programmes, including high-intensity interval training, low-volume interval training, and aerobic interval training, had a small effect on systolic blood pressure, whereas continuous training protocols had a similarly small effect size on diastolic blood pressure and heart rate.
