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Photoelectric Effect

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When light of a particular wavelength strikes a metal surface, electrons are emitted. This is called the photoelectric effect. The minimum frequency of light that can cause such emission of electrons is called the threshold frequency, which is specific to the metal. Light with a frequency lower than the threshold frequency, even if it is of high intensity, cannot initiate the emission of electrons. However, when the frequency is higher than the threshold value, the number of electrons ejected...

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Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation

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Published on: February 4, 2017

Photonic-electronic integrated circuit-based coherent LiDAR engine.

Anton Lukashchuk¹, Halil Kerim Yildirim², Andrea Bancora¹

¹Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Nature Communications

|April 11, 2024

Summary

We developed a wafer-scale manufacturable photonic-electronic LiDAR source for advanced perception systems. This breakthrough enables high-precision, long-range sensing with integrated laser coherence and frequency agility.

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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Area of Science:

Photonics and Semiconductor Manufacturing
LiDAR Technology and Optical Engineering
Integrated Photonics and Electronics

Background:

Chip-scale integration is crucial for deploying advanced photonic technologies.
Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) LiDAR offers advantages like instantaneous velocity and distance detection, eye-safety, and interference immunity.
Wafer-scale integration of FMCW LiDAR systems faces challenges due to strict laser coherence, frequency agility, and optical amplifier requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a novel photonic-electronic LiDAR source.
To achieve wafer-scale manufacturing compatibility for FMCW LiDAR systems.
To overcome integration challenges related to laser coherence and frequency agility.

Main Methods:

Development of a micro-electronic high-voltage arbitrary waveform generator.
Integration of a hybrid photonic circuit with a tunable Vernier laser and piezoelectric actuators.
Incorporation of an erbium-doped waveguide amplifier.
Utilizing wafer-scale manufacturing processes compatible with III-V semiconductors, silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits, and SiGe CMOS technology.

Main Results:

Successful demonstration of a photonic-electronic LiDAR source.
Ranging experiments achieved 10 cm precision at a 10-meter distance with a 50 kHz acquisition rate.
The developed laser source is turnkey, linearization-free, and compatible with wafer-scale fabrication.

Conclusions:

The demonstrated photonic-electronic LiDAR source is manufacturable at wafer-scale.
This technology enables seamless integration with existing LiDAR architectures like focal plane and optical phased arrays.
The system addresses key challenges in FMCW LiDAR integration, paving the way for widespread deployment.