Associations between pan-immune-inflammation value and abdominal aortic calcification: a cross-sectional study

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Research
• Inflammation Biomarkers
• Medical Imaging Analysis

Background:

• Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) pathogenesis is closely linked to inflammation.
• The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) is a potential biomarker reflecting systemic inflammation and aiding disease prognosis.
• Understanding the relationship between PIV and AAC is crucial for cardiovascular health assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between the pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC).
• To explore the predictive capability of PIV in the context of AAC.
• To develop and validate models for predicting AAC and severe AAC (SAAC) using PIV and other clinical factors.

Main Methods:

• Cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 3,047 participants.
• Weighted multivariable regression models and trend tests were used to assess the relationship between PIV quartiles and AAC.
• LASSO regression, multivariable logistic regression, ROC curve analysis, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis were employed for model development and evaluation.

Main Results:

• A significant positive correlation was found between PIV and AAC scores.
• Increasing PIV quartiles were associated with progressively higher AAC scores and increased prevalence of severe AAC (SAAC).
• Predictive models for AAC and SAAC demonstrated good accuracy, with AUCs of 0.74 and 0.84, respectively.

Conclusions:

• Elevated PIV is potentially correlated with the presence and severity of AAC.
• PIV, combined with simple predictors, may be a valuable tool for assessing and managing individuals with AAC.
• Further research into PIV's role in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis and prognosis is warranted.