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Mesenchymal-Stem-Cell-Based Therapy against Gliomas
Sisa M Santillán-Guaján1, Mehdi H Shahi2, Javier S Castresana1
1Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra School of Sciences, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
Abstract:
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive, malignant, and lethal brain tumor of the central nervous system. Its poor prognosis lies in its inefficient response to currently available treatments that consist of surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Recently, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a possible kind of cell therapy against glioblastoma is gaining great interest due to their immunomodulatory properties, tumor tropism, and differentiation into other cell types. However, MSCs seem to present both antitumor and pro-tumor properties depending on the tissue from which they come. In this work, the possibility of using MSCs to deliver therapeutic genes, oncolytic viruses, and miRNA is presented, as well as strategies that can improve their therapeutic efficacy against glioblastoma, such as CAR-T cells, nanoparticles, and exosomes.
Insights
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise for glioblastoma treatment by delivering therapies. Research explores enhancing MSC efficacy through gene delivery, oncolytic viruses, and advanced strategies like CAR-T cells and exosomes.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Stem Cell Therapy
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Glioblastoma is an aggressive, lethal brain tumor with poor treatment outcomes.
- Current treatments (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy) are often inefficient against glioblastoma.
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being investigated for glioblastoma cell therapy due to unique properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in glioblastoma treatment.
- To review strategies for enhancing MSC therapeutic efficacy against glioblastoma.
- To discuss the dual antitumor and pro-tumor properties of MSCs in glioblastoma context.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for glioblastoma therapy.
- Analysis of MSCs' tumor tropism, immunomodulatory, and differentiation capabilities.
- Exploration of therapeutic delivery systems including genes, oncolytic viruses, and miRNAs via MSCs.
Main Results:
- MSCs exhibit potential for targeted glioblastoma therapy.
- MSC efficacy can be modulated by their tissue origin, showing both anti- and pro-tumor effects.
- Advanced strategies like CAR-T cells, nanoparticles, and exosomes can enhance MSC-mediated glioblastoma treatment.
Conclusions:
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a promising platform for novel glioblastoma therapies.
- Further research is needed to optimize MSC-based strategies and overcome their dual properties.
- Combining MSCs with gene therapy, virotherapy, and nanotechnology holds significant therapeutic potential.
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