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Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...

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Updated: May 10, 2026

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV

Published on: December 29, 2016

Vacancy Engineering in 2D Transition Metal Chalcogenide Photocatalyst: Structure Modulation, Function and Synergy

Yi Jiang¹, Haibo Sun¹, Jiayin Guo²

¹Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|April 12, 2024

Summary

Vacancy engineering in 2D transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) enhances photocatalysis by improving light absorption and charge transfer. This review explores vacancy strategies and their impact on energy conversion and degradation applications.

Keywords:

self‐adapting vacancy structural modulations synergistic effects transition metal chalcogenides

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Published on: August 7, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) are vital photocatalysts due to their tunable properties and 2D structures.
Vacancy engineering addresses photocorrosion and limited light response in TMCs, enhancing photocatalytic efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the impact of vacancy engineering on the photocatalytic performance of 2D semiconductor TMCs.
To summarize vacancy introduction strategies and their applications in energy conversion, degradation, and biological fields.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on vacancy engineering in TMCs.
Analysis of structure-property relationships and charge transfer kinetics.
Discussion of synergistic effects with doping and heterojunctions.

Main Results:

Vacancy engineering optimizes TMC structures, improving optical properties, charge transfer, and surface characteristics.
Vacancies enhance photocatalytic performance in hydrogen evolution, nitrogen fixation, and pollutant degradation.

Conclusions:

Vacancy engineering is a powerful strategy to boost the photocatalytic activity of 2D TMCs.
Future research should explore synergistic approaches and expand applications in energy and environmental remediation.