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We developed a framework for gravitational Raman scattering off compact objects. This method calculates phase shifts, revealing new insights into Love numbers and agreeing with general relativity for black holes.

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Area of Science:

  • Gravitational wave physics
  • Effective field theory
  • Compact object scattering

Background:

  • The Raman process describes wave scattering, with gravitational analogs offering insights into compact object interactions.
  • Worldline effective field theory provides a framework for calculating scattering amplitudes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a framework for computing gravitational Raman scattering amplitudes.
  • To calculate phase shifts for scattering off compact objects, including tidal effects and dissipation.
  • To investigate the renormalization-group flow of dynamical Love numbers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing worldline effective field theory to compute scattering amplitudes.
  • Calculating third post-Minkowskian order (two-loop) phase shifts for massless scalar field scattering.
  • Analyzing tidal effects and dissipation in the scattering process.

Main Results:

  • Identified two sources for the classical renormalization-group flow of dynamical Love numbers: a universal running and a tide-induced running.
  • Demonstrated agreement between effective field theory phase shifts and general relativity results for black holes when static Love numbers are zero.
  • Matched the leading scalar dynamical Love number to renormalize short-scale divergences.

Conclusions:

  • The developed framework enables systematic calculations of gravitational Raman scattering at higher orders.
  • The study provides a deeper understanding of Love numbers and their behavior in compact object scattering.
  • Results confirm the validity of the effective field theory approach for gravitational scattering phenomena.