Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

257
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
257
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

924
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
924
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

2.3K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.3K
Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

22.7K
Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
22.7K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

2.6K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.6K
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

154
Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
154

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prophylactic Dextrose Gel for Neonatal Hypoglycemia and Neurocognitive Function at 6 to 7 Years of Age: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA pediatrics·2026
Same author

Parietal thickness predicts middle temporal area (V5) motion responses in 7-year-old children born very preterm.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2026
Same author

Quality improvement or target-driven care? Reduced neonatal hypoglycaemia admissions but with long-term neurodevelopmental uncertainty.

Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition·2026
Same author

Readability of Educational Resources for Parents of Preterm Babies in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Journal of paediatrics and child health·2026
Same author

Birth-Related Subdural Haemorrhage in Asymptomatic Moderate-to-Late Preterm Neonates: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features and Temporal Evolution.

Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology·2026
Same author

Potential Impact of Revising the Diagnostic Criteria for Gestational Diabetes on Maternal Pregnancy and Infant Perinatal Outcomes.

Journal of diabetes·2026
Same journal

Effects of polygenic risk score communication on short term health outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMJ medicine·2026
Same journal

New approaches in the haemostatic management of postpartum haemorrhage.

BMJ medicine·2026
Same journal

Correction: Vaccine cold chain and understanding what underpins vaccine security for vaccine preventable diseases.

BMJ medicine·2026
Same journal

Pulmonary fibrosis: evolving therapeutic pipeline.

BMJ medicine·2026
Same journal

Qualified prediction system for allograft failure in real world settings: extended validation study.

BMJ medicine·2026
Same journal

Non-operative treatment strategy versus surgery for children with simple appendicitis: non-inferiority randomised controlled trial.

BMJ medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Biochemical Measurement of Neonatal Hypoxia
13:13

Biochemical Measurement of Neonatal Hypoxia

Published on: August 24, 2011

14.1K

Neonatal hypoglycaemia.

Jane E Harding1, Jane M Alsweiler2,3, Taygen E Edwards1

  • 1Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

BMJ Medicine
|April 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal hypoglycemia, or low blood glucose in newborns, is common due to delayed metabolic shifts. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent potential brain injury, though optimal management strategies require further research.

Keywords:
EndocrinologyNeonatologyNeuropathologyPerinatology

More Related Videos

A Piglet Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
10:30

A Piglet Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

Published on: May 16, 2015

19.6K
A Swine Model of Neonatal Asphyxia
10:36

A Swine Model of Neonatal Asphyxia

Published on: October 11, 2011

14.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Biochemical Measurement of Neonatal Hypoxia
13:13

Biochemical Measurement of Neonatal Hypoxia

Published on: August 24, 2011

14.1K
A Piglet Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
10:30

A Piglet Model of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

Published on: May 16, 2015

19.6K
A Swine Model of Neonatal Asphyxia
10:36

A Swine Model of Neonatal Asphyxia

Published on: October 11, 2011

14.3K

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Neonatal hypoglycemia is a frequent condition resulting from the delayed metabolic transition after birth.
  • Glucose is the primary energy substrate for the brain, and severe hypoglycemia can lead to neuroglycopenia and irreversible brain damage.
  • Routine screening and timely treatment are recommended for at-risk infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of neonatal hypoglycemia pathophysiology.
  • To examine recent evidence on the diagnosis, management, and outcomes of neonatal hypoglycemia.
  • To identify research priorities in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current understanding and recent evidence.
  • Analysis of diagnostic thresholds and monitoring strategies.
  • Evaluation of treatment modalities including feeding, buccal dextrose gel, and intravenous dextrose.
  • Assessment of developmental outcomes in infants with mild hypoglycemia.

Main Results:

  • Despite recommendations, robust evidence supporting many management aspects, including diagnostic thresholds and optimal monitoring, is limited.
  • While initial treatments involve increased feeding, buccal dextrose gel, or intravenous dextrose, their effectiveness and optimal use vary.
  • Infants at risk with mild hypoglycemia may experience worse developmental outcomes, though the underlying reasons are not fully understood.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is essential to establish evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and management of neonatal hypoglycemia.
  • Clarifying the long-term neurodevelopmental effects of even mild hypoglycemia is critical.
  • Optimizing treatment strategies and monitoring protocols will improve outcomes for affected newborns.