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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

In Vivo Two-Photon Microscopy of Single Nerve Endings in Skin

In Vivo Two-Photon Microscopy of Single Nerve Endings in Skin

Published on: August 24, 2014

Two-Photon Microscopy for the Study of Tendons.

Steffany Villaseñor¹, Mor Grinstein²

¹Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove

|April 15, 2024

Summary

Two-photon microscopy effectively visualizes deep tissue cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) alignment. This advanced imaging technique is ideal for studying tendon collagen, development, and injuries.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Imaging
Cell Biology
Biomaterials Science

Background:

Two-photon microscopy utilizes nonlinear light-matter interactions for deep tissue imaging.
Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) imaging visualizes collagen fiber alignment, crucial for understanding tissue structure.
Tendon tissues, rich in collagen, are well-suited for analysis with two-photon microscopy.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the use of two-photon microscopy in tendon biology.
To present an adapted methodology for imaging tendon cells and ECM.
To demonstrate 3D imaging of tendon structures in animal models.

Main Methods:

Utilizing two-photon microscopy with SHG and autofluorescence signals.
Adapting imaging protocols for thin microscopic sections of tendon tissue.
Applying the technique to study tendon development, injury, healing, and aging.

Main Results:

Effective visualization of collagen fiber orientation in tendons.
Characterization of tendon cells and their interaction with the extracellular matrix.
Successful generation of 3D images of tendon structures in animal models.

Conclusions:

Two-photon microscopy is a powerful tool for analyzing tendon collagen abnormalities.
The presented methodology enables comprehensive characterization of tendon cells and ECM.
This technique advances the study of tendon biology, pathology, and regeneration.