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Tissue Transplantation

Tissue Transplantation

Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...

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Reduced Complications after Arterial Reconnection in a Rat Model of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation

Reduced Complications after Arterial Reconnection in a Rat Model of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation

Published on: November 7, 2020

COVID-19 in liver transplant recipients.

Juliana Piedade^1,2,3, Gustavo Pereira^1,2,3

¹Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Bonsucesso Federal Hospital, (Ministry of Health), Avenida Londres 616 (21041-030), 3rd floor, Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Journal of Liver Transplantation

|April 15, 2024

Summary

Liver transplant recipients face higher risks from COVID-19. This review covers epidemiology, clinical features, and prognostic factors, alongside therapeutic strategies and vaccination for SARS-CoV-2 in this vulnerable group.

Keywords:

ACE2, angiotensin-converting CI, calcineurin inhibitors CI, confidence interval COVID-19 COVID-19 drug treatment DILI, drug-induced liver injury ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation GI, gastrointestinal HR, hazard ratio ICU, intensive care unit IL-6, interleukin-6 IS, immunosuppression Immunosuppressive agents LT, liver transplant Liver transplantation MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease MMF, mycophenolate mofetil OR, odds ratio RCT, randomized controlled trial SARS-CoV2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 SOT, solid organ transplant ULN, upper limits of normal Vaccination WHO, World Health Organization

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Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Hepatology
Transplantation Medicine

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, poses a significant public health challenge.
Liver transplant (LT) recipients may experience increased SARS-CoV-2 infection risk, morbidity, and mortality due to immunosuppression and comorbidities.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and natural history of COVID-19 in LT recipients.
To explore therapeutic options, including immunosuppressant management and approved drugs, for COVID-19 in LT recipients.
To discuss the benefits and risks associated with COVID-19 vaccination in this population.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on SARS-CoV-2 infection in liver transplant recipients.
Analysis of epidemiological data, clinical manifestations, and prognostic factors.
Evaluation of current treatment strategies, including immunosuppression modification and pharmacotherapy.

Main Results:

LT recipients exhibit distinct COVID-19 clinical and laboratory features compared to the general population.
Immunosuppression may play a role in the natural history and prognosis of COVID-19 in LT recipients.
Management strategies involve careful consideration of immunosuppressant regimens and approved antiviral therapies.

Conclusions:

Understanding the unique aspects of COVID-19 in LT recipients is crucial for effective management.
Tailored therapeutic approaches, including vaccination, are essential for improving outcomes in this high-risk group.