Resilient Roadmap to Minimise the Impact of COVID-19 in the Spanish Enterprises

If something has failed in the management of COVID-19 crisis, this has been the lack of resilience to anticipate, adapt and recover from this event. This paper analyses the impact of COVID-19 in different sectors in Spain, highlighting which ones were more negatively affected by the pandemic after the first COVID-19 wave and which ones created growth and employment during the recovery phase. In this sense, the most negative impacted sectors were culture, tourism and retail while tobacco, pharmaceuticals computer, electronic and optical products sectors pushed the Spanish economy towards recovery. Moreover, the impact of COVID-19 in different aspects such as employment, workers' health, reputation, productivity, among others was also studied. The results reveal that firms invested a lot of time in organising and restructuring work planning to adapt to the new constraints. Finally, based on the findings about the most impacted sectors and the most negatively affected aspects, a set of dimensions and policies are proposed in a roadmap to support the improvement of enterprise resilience capacity to face up to crisis situations such as the one caused by COVID-19.