Rare instances of concomitant acute myocardial infarction and stroke
Insights
Cardio-cerebral infarction (CCI) is a rare condition combining heart attack and stroke, leading to high mortality. Individualized management is crucial due to a lack of specific treatment guidelines for this dual event.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology and Neurology
- Focuses on the intersection of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Background:
- Cardio-cerebral infarction (CCI) involves simultaneous myocardial infarction and acute ischemic stroke.
- Both conditions are leading causes of mortality and disability in aging populations.
- CCI presents a rare but severe clinical challenge with high mortality rates.
Approach:
- This review synthesizes current knowledge on the diagnosis and treatment of CCI.
- Analyzes three distinct patient cases to illustrate CCI scenarios.
- Highlights the need for individualized management strategies.
Key Points:
- CCI incidence is low (0.009% in stroke patients) but associated with extreme mortality.
- No established guidelines exist for CCI diagnosis and treatment.
- Management requires a personalized approach based on individual patient factors.
Conclusions:
- Further research, including large clinical trials and registries, is needed to improve CCI understanding and management.
- Current management of CCI is individualized due to its rarity.
- Future insights are expected to enhance treatment protocols for concomitant myocardial infarction and stroke.
Abstract:
Cardio-cerebral infarction (CCI) is a term coined to describe concomitant myocardial infarction and acute ischemic stroke. Acute myocardial infarction and stroke, as separate events, constitute some of the most important causes for disability and mortality in aging societies. Stroke can either occur simultaneously with myocardial infarction or become a serious complication of myocardial infarction and/or its treatment. The frequency of CCI has been reported at a 0.009% incidence rate in stroke patients and is associated with an extremely high mortality. Because of the rare occurrence of CCI, there are currently no guidelines for assessing its diagnosis and optimal treatment. Therefore, currently, the management of CCI cases needs to be individualized. Hopefully, in the future, the results of large clinical trials or prospective registries are expected to enhance our understanding of managing concomitant acute MI and stroke. In this review we have focused on the current literacy in the diagnosis and treatment of CCIs. The paper illustrates potential distinct scenarios of CCI through the analysis of three patient cases (Fig. 5, Ref. 65). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: myocardial infarction, stroke, cardio-cerebral infarction, carotid artery stenting, cardiac surgery.
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