Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

2.5K
Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
2.5K
Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes

7.8K
The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
7.8K
Polymers02:34

Polymers

35.7K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
35.7K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.5K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.5K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

1.9K
Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
1.9K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

2.6K
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
2.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

From Cation Solvation to Anion Coordination: Lewis-Acidic Boranes Enable Halide Salt Electrolytes.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same author

HDAC inhibition sensitizes pancreatic tumors to DNA damage by global redistribution of the transcriptional machinery.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Revealing the Topological Analogy between End-Linked and Pendant Cross-Linked Polymer Networks for Mechanophore-Enabled Toughening.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Degradable Vinyl-Based Polymers by Radical Ring-Opening Polymerization: A User Guide.

ACS polymers Au·2026
Same author

Chain entanglements enable regeneration of high-performance thermosets.

Nature materials·2026
Same author

Mechanophore cross-linking enhances ballistic energy dissipation of polymers.

Nature·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
08:12

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

Published on: December 16, 2022

3.3K

Defining Reactivity-Deconstructability Relationships for Copolymerizations Involving Cleavable Comonomer Additives.

David J Lundberg1, Kwangwook Ko2, Landon J Kilgallon2

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.

ACS Macro Letters
|April 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a simulation framework to quantify how cleavable comonomer additives (CCAs) affect polymer deconstruction efficiency. The findings guide the design of advanced deconstructable polymers with improved end-of-life options.

More Related Videos

The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry
07:02

The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry

Published on: August 25, 2016

13.7K
Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
10:22

Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer

Published on: November 30, 2020

3.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
08:12

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

Published on: December 16, 2022

3.3K
The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry
07:02

The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry

Published on: August 25, 2016

13.7K
Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
10:22

Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer

Published on: November 30, 2020

3.5K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Polymers with cleavable comonomer additives (CCAs) offer controlled deconstructability and improved end-of-life options.
  • The efficiency of deconstruction is highly dependent on the distribution of CCAs within the polymer backbone, which is governed by copolymerization behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish comprehensive quantitative relationships between CCA characteristics, polymerization parameters, and deconstruction efficiency.
  • To develop predictive models for designing efficient CCAs and deconstructable polymer formulations.

Main Methods:

  • Stochastic simulations were employed to model various polymerization mechanisms, including controlled/living, free-radical, and reversible ring-opening polymerizations.
  • Simulations incorporated a wide range of reactivity ratio pairs (0.01–100), CCA loadings (2.5%–20%), and deconstruction reaction behaviors.

Main Results:

  • The study established quantitative connections between CCA loadings, reactivity ratios, polymerization mechanisms, and deconstruction efficiency.
  • Simulated deconstruction fragment sizes showed good agreement with experimentally observed data from existing literature, validating the simulation approach.

Conclusions:

  • The developed simulation methods provide a powerful tool for predicting and guiding the design of efficient CCAs.
  • These findings will inform the formulation of next-generation deconstructable polymers with tailored end-of-life properties.