Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics01:14

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

5.0K
Experimentally, if object A is in equilibrium with object B, and object B is in equilibrium with object C, then object A is in equilibrium with object C. That statement of transitivity is called the "zeroth law of thermodynamics." For example, a cold metal block and a hot metal block are both placed on a metal plate at room temperature. Eventually, the cold block and the plate will be in thermal equilibrium. In addition, the hot block and the plate will be in thermal equilibrium.
5.0K
Electric Flux01:15

Electric Flux

7.8K
The concept of flux describes how much of something goes through a given area. More formally, it is the dot product of a vector field within an area. For a better understanding, consider an open rectangular surface with a small area that is placed in a uniform electric field. The larger the area, the more field lines go through it and, hence, the greater the flux; similarly, the stronger the electric field (represented by a greater density of lines), the greater the flux. On the other hand, if...
7.8K
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:20

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

2.8K
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated quantitatively using the concept of entropy. Entropy is the measure of disorder of the system.
The relation  between entropy and disorder can be illustrated with the example of the phase change of ice to water. In ice, the molecules are located at specific sites giving a solid state, whereas, in a liquid form, these molecules are much freer to move. The molecular arrangement has therefore become more randomized. Although the change in average...
2.8K
First Law of Thermodynamics00:37

First Law of Thermodynamics

61.3K
The First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. This can be demonstrated within a classic food web where light energy from the sun is harnessed as radiant energy by plants, converted into chemical energy, and stored as complex carbohydrates. The vegetation is then consumed by animals and during the digestion process, the sugars release energy as heat. The sugars also produce chemical energy that either gets used up doing work, stored in...
61.3K
Third Law of Thermodynamics02:38

Third Law of Thermodynamics

18.9K
A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.
18.9K
Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:15

Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics

4.0K
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated in several different ways, and all of them can be shown to imply the others. The Clausius’ statement of the second law of thermodynamics is based on the irreversibility of spontaneous heat flow. It states that heat will not flow from the colder body to the hotter body unless some other process is involved. Additionally, as per the Kelvin’s statement, it is impossible to convert the heat from a single source into work without any other...
4.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Thermodynamic uncertainty relation for quantum entropy production.

Physical review. E·2024
Same author

Uncertainty relation for symmetric Petz-Rényi relative entropy.

Physical review. E·2024
Same author

Quantum relative entropy uncertainty relation.

Physical review. E·2024
Same author

Improving the Cramér-Rao bound with the detailed fluctuation theorem.

Physical review. E·2024
Same author

Thermodynamic variational relation.

Physical review. E·2023
Same author

Bound for the moment generating function from the detailed fluctuation theorem.

Physical review. E·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.6K

Limiting flux in quantum thermodynamics.

Domingos S P Salazar1

  • 1Unidade de Educação a Distância e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171-900 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.

Physical Review. E
|April 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new quantum relative entropy bound for entropy production. This bound is effective even far from equilibrium and in strong coupling regimes, unlike previous methods.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum thermodynamics
  • Statistical mechanics
  • Quantum information theory

Background:

  • Entropy production is crucial for understanding irreversible processes in quantum systems.
  • Current definitions, based on quantum relative entropy, offer upper bounds for fluxes of bounded observables.
  • These bounds are limited, becoming irrelevant in general nonequilibrium situations and strong coupling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel upper bound for entropy production fluxes in quantum systems.
  • To extend the applicability of quantum relative entropy bounds beyond near-equilibrium conditions.
  • To validate the proposed bound in realistic quantum scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of a new theoretical upper bound for entropy production using quantum relative entropy.

More Related Videos

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.4K
Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

8.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.6K
Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.4K
Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

8.6K
  • Application of the bound to systems far from equilibrium and in the strong coupling regime.
  • Comparison of the theoretical bound with numerical simulations.

    • Main Results:

    • The proposed quantum relative entropy bound is applicable beyond equilibrium and in strong coupling.
    • Monte Carlo simulations of random qubits with coherence demonstrate the bound's validity.
    • Analysis of a two-interacting-nuclear-spins model further validates the new bound.

    Conclusions:

    • The new upper bound offers a more robust tool for quantifying entropy production in diverse quantum systems.
    • This work advances the understanding of thermodynamic irreversibility in nonequilibrium quantum dynamics.
    • The findings have implications for quantum thermodynamics, condensed matter, and quantum information processing.