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Critical behavior of cascading failures in overloaded networks
Ignacio A Perez1, Dana Ben Porath2, Cristian E La Rocca1
1Instituto de Investigaciones Físicas de Mar del Plata (IFIMAR)-Departamento de Física, FCEyN, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Deán Funes 3350, (7600) Mar del Plata, Argentina.
Physical Review. E
|April 18, 2024
Summary
This study reveals that network breakdowns from overloads and link failures share critical exponents and universality classes with interdependent networks. The transition order depends on network embedding, showing mixed-order for weak and first-order for strong embedding.
Area of Science:
- Complex systems science
- Network theory
- Statistical physics
Background:
- Network abrupt breakdowns from overloads and cascading failures are well-studied.
- Critical exponents and universality classes of these phase transitions remain underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the critical exponents and universality class of network breakdowns.
- To analyze breakdowns triggered by link failures and overloads in networks with spatial link lengths.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of network breakdowns induced by link failures and overloads.
- Examination of networks with a spatial characteristic link length (ζ).
- Comparison of critical behavior with interdependent networks.
Main Results:
- Abrupt network transitions exhibit features and critical exponents similar to interdependent networks.
- Weakly embedded systems (ζ ≈ L) show a mixed-order transition with a critical plateau.
- Strongly embedded systems (ζ ≪ L) display a first-order transition involving nucleation and growth.
Conclusions:
- Network breakdowns due to overloads and link failures belong to the same universality class as interdependent networks.
- The order of the transition is determined by the degree of network embedding.
- Spatial characteristics significantly influence the nature of network phase transitions.
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