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Alternating projection combined with fast gradient projection (FGP-AP) method for intensity-only measurement optical

Zewen Yang¹, Lu Zhang^1,2, Tong Liu¹

¹State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.

Biomedical Optics Express

|April 18, 2024

Summary

A new Fast Gradient Projection combined with Alternating Projection (FGP-AP) method enhances 3D refractive index imaging using label-free microscopy. This technique improves reconstruction quality, especially in noisy conditions, for biological samples.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Imaging
Optical Physics
Computational Imaging

Background:

Optical Diffraction Tomography (ODT) offers label-free 3D refractive index (RI) imaging.
Challenges include the missing cone problem, limited angles, and intensity-only data, hindering accurate 3D reconstruction.
Existing methods struggle with data limitations and noise.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an improved method for 3D RI distribution reconstruction in ODT.
To address limitations of existing reconstruction techniques, particularly the missing cone problem and noise sensitivity.
To enable accurate label-free 3D imaging of biological samples.

Main Methods:

Proposed the Fast Gradient Projection combined with Alternating Projection (FGP-AP) method.
Utilized alternating projection (AP) for gradient descent and fast gradient projection (FGP) for regularization.
Incorporated prior knowledge of sample non-negativity and smoothness into the reconstruction process.
Employed intensity-only images from LED array microscopy.

Main Results:

Simulations showed FGP-AP significantly improves 3D reconstruction quality over the standard AP method, especially with noise.
Experimental validation using mouse kidney cells and label-free blood cells demonstrated superior 3D imaging performance.
The method effectively compensates for missing information in the Fourier domain.

Conclusions:

The FGP-AP method provides enhanced 3D refractive index reconstruction for label-free microscopy.
This technique offers superior imaging efficacy for biological samples, overcoming limitations of traditional ODT.
FGP-AP represents a significant advancement in quantitative phase imaging and 3D biological sample analysis.