Recent Advances in Biopolymer-Based Hydrogel Electrolytes for Flexible Supercapacitors

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Sustainable Energy

Background:

• Increasing demand for eco-friendly energy storage solutions due to fossil fuel concerns.
• Biopolymers present unique properties for developing advanced electrochemical devices.
• Gel electrolytes in supercapacitors are a key area for sustainable energy advancement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review biopolymer-based hydrogel electrolytes for supercapacitors.
• To analyze the structure, characteristics, and mechanisms of these materials.
• To summarize current performance, challenges, and future directions in sustainable energy storage.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of biopolymer applications in supercapacitor gel electrolytes.
• Analysis of structural and physicochemical properties of various biopolymers.
• Assessment of electrochemical performance metrics and proposed mechanisms.

Main Results:

• Biopolymers are effective in gel electrolytes for supercapacitors, offering sustainable energy storage.
• Detailed overview of biopolymer characteristics, electrolyte mechanisms, and evaluation metrics.
• Summary of state-of-the-art performance and functionalities of biopolymer hydrogel electrolytes.

Conclusions:

• Biopolymer-based hydrogel electrolytes show significant promise for green and sustainable energy storage.
• Addressing current technical challenges is crucial for further development.
• This review highlights research trends and future avenues for biopolymer electrolytes in supercapacitors.