Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

33.1K
The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
33.1K
Regulation of Sodium and Potassium01:26

Regulation of Sodium and Potassium

513
The regulation of sodium and potassium ion concentrations in the human body is a complex process governed primarily by hormones such as aldosterone, antidiuretic hormone (ADH), and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP).
Sodium Regulation
Sodium ions make up approximately 90% of extracellular cations, with a normal blood plasma concentration of 136–148 mEq/L. A decrease in blood volume and pressure triggers the release of renin from granular cells in the juxtaglomerular complex (JGC), primarily...
513
Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance01:29

Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

426
Metabolic reactions in the body produce nonvolatile acids, such as sulfuric acid, which generate an acid load of approximately 1 mEq of H+ per kilogram of body weight daily. Excreting H+ in the urine is essential to balance this acid load.
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
However, the intercalated cells in...
426
Introduction to Urinary System01:13

Introduction to Urinary System

2.5K
The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located in the retroperitoneal space, on either side of the vertebral column, between the T12 and L3 vertebrae. They are partially protected by the rib cage and surrounded by perirenal fat, which provides cushioning. They are responsible for urine formation and play critical roles in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and hormone production. The ureters...
2.5K
Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct01:24

Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct

959
The renal tubule is divided into three parts: the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the Loop of Henle (LOH), and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...
959
Regulation of the Digestive System01:25

Regulation of the Digestive System

570
Digestive activity regulation hinges on three primary components. Activation is prompted by a multitude of mechanical and chemical indicators, primarily detected by receptors within the stomach and intestines' walls. These receptors predominantly respond to factors such as mechanical stretching of the organ walls, changes in pH and osmolarity, and the presence of digesting materials and their by-products.
The effectors in this regulation system are glands and smooth muscles. Activation of...
570

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome through the lens of gut‑derived uremic toxins.

Gut microbes·2026
Same author

Real-Time Evaluation of Gastrointestinal pH and Transit Time in Patients With Essential Hypertension.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)·2026
Same author

Novel roles of GPCRs in the renal collecting duct.

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)·2026
Same author

Unveiling the impact of colonic pH and pH-sensing receptors in blood pressure regulation.

Gut microbes·2026
Same author

Beyond Metabolites: Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Hypertension.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)·2026
Same author

Gut bacteria presence in the brain is increased after ischemic stroke in mice.

Gut microbes·2026
Same journal

Etanercept attenuates TNFα-mediated kidney injury in a rat model of brain death kidney donation.

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology·2026
Same journal

Phosphorylation of aquaporin-2 at serine 269 in urinary extracellular vesicles reflects renal vasopressin activity in rats.

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology·2026
Same journal

Influence of serum chloride concentrations on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in dogs with congestive heart failure.

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology·2026
Same journal

A New Brake on Podocyte Injury: ATOH8 Meets TGF-β.

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology·2026
Same journal

A-Intercalated Cell Dysfunction Disrupts Renal Epithelial-Immune Balance and Impairs Host Defense During UTI.

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology·2026
Same journal

Heat Shock Protein 72 is a Druggable Target During Cold Storage to Improve Graft Outcome After Kidney Transplantation.

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Separation and Differential Characterization of Gut Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Salt-Sensitive Rats under High-Salt Diet Conditions
07:21

Separation and Differential Characterization of Gut Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Salt-Sensitive Rats under High-Salt Diet Conditions

Published on: June 6, 2025

127

Commensal microbiota regulate aldosterone.

Brittni N Moore1, Alexandra D Medcalf1, Rachel Q Muir1

  • 1Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.

American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology
|April 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The gut microbiome influences aldosterone, a hormone linked to blood pressure. Suppressing gut bacteria increased aldosterone levels in mice, suggesting new ways to treat hypertension through microbiome modulation.

Keywords:
RAASaldosteronegut microbiomerenal physiology

More Related Videos

Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice
07:36

Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice

Published on: September 26, 2018

10.0K
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Analyses of Murine Intestinal Microbiota After Oral Antibiotic Treatment
08:33

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Analyses of Murine Intestinal Microbiota After Oral Antibiotic Treatment

Published on: November 17, 2018

13.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Separation and Differential Characterization of Gut Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Salt-Sensitive Rats under High-Salt Diet Conditions
07:21

Separation and Differential Characterization of Gut Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Salt-Sensitive Rats under High-Salt Diet Conditions

Published on: June 6, 2025

127
Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice
07:36

Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice

Published on: September 26, 2018

10.0K
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Analyses of Murine Intestinal Microbiota After Oral Antibiotic Treatment
08:33

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Analyses of Murine Intestinal Microbiota After Oral Antibiotic Treatment

Published on: November 17, 2018

13.0K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology

Background:

  • The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in host physiology, including cardiovascular health.
  • The specific impact of the gut microbiome on aldosterone regulation remains largely unknown.
  • Aldosterone is a key hormone in blood pressure regulation and cardiovascular disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether gut microbiota regulate host aldosterone levels.
  • To explore the relationship between gut microbiota and aldosterone in the context of blood pressure regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to measure plasma aldosterone and plasma renin activity (PRA).
  • Studies were conducted in female and male mice with intact, suppressed (antibiotic treatment), or absent (germ-free) gut microbiota.
  • Urinary aldosterone levels were also examined.

Main Results:

  • Suppression of gut microbiota via antibiotics led to increased plasma and urinary aldosterone in both sexes.
  • Germ-free conditions (absent microbiota) also resulted in significantly increased plasma aldosterone compared to conventional mice.
  • Increased plasma renin activity (PRA) was observed only in male mice when gut microbiota were suppressed, not in germ-free conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Gut microbiota significantly influence aldosterone levels, suggesting a novel mechanism for blood pressure regulation.
  • Modulating the gut microbiome may offer new therapeutic strategies for hypertension and primary aldosteronism.
  • Targeting the gut microbiome could provide a pathway for developing microbiota-based interventions to manage blood pressure.