Sliding limited penetrable visibility graph for establishing complex network from time series

This study proposes a novel network modeling approach, called sliding window limited penetrable visibility graph (SLPVG), for transforming time series into networks. SLPVG takes into account the dynamic nature of time series, which is often affected by noise disturbances, and the fact that most nodes are not directly connected to distant nodes. By analyzing the degree distribution of different types of time series, SLPVG accurately captures the dynamic characteristics of time series with low computational complexity. In this study, the authors apply SLPVG for the first time to diagnose compensation capacitor faults in jointless track circuits. By combining the fault characteristics of compensation capacitors with network topological indicators, the authors find that the betweenness centrality reflects the fault status of the compensation capacitors clearly and accurately. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves a high accuracy rate of 99.1% in identifying compensation capacitor faults. The SLPVG model provides a simple and efficient tool for studying the dynamics of long time series and offers a new perspective for diagnosing compensation capacitor faults in jointless track circuits. It holds practical significance in advancing related research fields.