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Genomic Interactions Between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Humans
Prasit Palittapongarnpim1, Pornpen Tantivitayakul2, Pakorn Aiewsakun1
1Pornchai Matangkasombut Center for Microbial Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; email: prasit.pal@mahidol.ac.th, pakorn.aie@mahidol.ac.th, bharkbhoom.jae@student.mahidol.edu.
Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics
|April 19, 2024
Summary
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a leading infectious disease, shows diverse lineages influenced by human migration and coevolution. Understanding human-bacterial genetic interactions is key for developing new tuberculosis vaccines and control strategies.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology and Human Genetics
- Population Genetics
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Background:
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes over 10 million annual cases globally, making it a significant public health threat.
- The bacteria exhibit complex phylogeographic patterns across nine major lineages and numerous sublineages.
- Variations in virulence and geographical distribution are linked to human migration and host-pathogen coevolution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the phylogeographic patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages.
- To investigate the role of human genetic factors and their interactions with bacterial genotypes in tuberculosis development.
- To understand coadaptation between human populations and M. tuberculosis.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of whole-genome sequence data from both human and bacterial populations.
- Phylogeographic analysis to map bacterial lineage distribution.
- Review of existing studies on host-pathogen genetic interactions.
Main Results:
- Identified distinct geographical distributions for different M. tuberculosis lineages.
- Highlighted the influence of human migration patterns on bacterial phylogeography.
- Confirmed significant interactions between human genetic variations and bacterial genotypes in tuberculosis pathogenesis.
Conclusions:
- Human migration and coevolution with human populations shape M. tuberculosis diversity and virulence.
- Host-pathogen genetic interactions are crucial for understanding tuberculosis susceptibility and progression.
- Genomic data advances our understanding of these interactions, informing vaccine and control measure development.
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