Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 28, 2025
09:34
An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
Published on: August 16, 2021
1.8K
Vigilance Needed in Treating a Child with Disseminated TB: A Case Report
Hemasri Velmurugan1, Krishnapriya Neelambaram1, Meenalotchini Prakash Gurunthalingam1
1Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
Infectious Disorders Drug Targets
|April 22, 2024
Summary
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) can occur during anti-tuberculosis therapy for disseminated tuberculosis. Careful monitoring of liver enzymes is crucial in pediatric patients undergoing treatment for tuberculosis to prevent severe complications.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Hepatology
- Pharmacovigilance
Background:
- Tuberculosis remains a leading cause of infection-related mortality globally.
- Disseminated tuberculosis, a severe form, arises from Mycobacterium tuberculosis spread.
- First-line anti-tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide) are associated with hepatotoxicity.
Observation:
- A case of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is presented in a one-year-old child with disseminated tuberculosis.
- The child received a fixed-dose combination of anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT) including isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide.
- Initial liver parameters were normal, but a rapid increase in liver enzymes indicated liver injury during treatment.
Findings:
- Causality assessment scales confirmed the association between anti-tuberculosis therapy and liver injury.
- Diagnosis of tuberculosis in children is challenging due to non-specific symptoms.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment of disseminated TB are vital to prevent drug resistance.
Implications:
- Close monitoring for ATT-induced DILI is essential in pediatric patients.
- Effective management of disseminated tuberculosis is critical to avoid poor prognosis and limited treatment options.
- Highlighting the importance of vigilant monitoring in pediatric tuberculosis management.
Keywords:
Anti-tuberculosis therapyadverse drug reaction.disseminated TBhepatotoxicityliver injurypaediatricsMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
179
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
179
01:26Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
142
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
142
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
242
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
242
01:25Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
1.2K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
1.2K
01:17Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets
3.6K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
3.6K
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
228
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
228