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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Multifocal Electroretinograms

Multifocal Electroretinograms

Published on: December 4, 2011

Method to Quickly Map Multifocal Pupillary Response Fields (mPRF) Using Frequency Tagging.

Jean Lorenceau¹, Suzon Ajasse², Raphael Barbet¹

¹Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, UMR8002, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France.

Vision (Basel, Switzerland)

|April 23, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed multifocal Pupillary Frequency Tagging (mPFT) to rapidly map pupillary responses. This objective tool effectively assesses visual pathway integrity and aids in diagnosing retinopathies and neuropathies.

Keywords:

frequency tagging ophthalmology pupillometry

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

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Published on: December 4, 2011

Topographical Estimation of Visual Population Receptive Fields by fMRI

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Published on: February 3, 2015

Assessing Pupil-linked Changes in Locus Coeruleus-mediated Arousal Elicited by Trigeminal Stimulation

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Published on: November 26, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Ophthalmology
Vision Science

Background:

The pupillary light reflex is a key indicator of visual pathway function.
Assessing the integrity of retino-pupillary circuits is crucial for diagnosing various neurological and ophthalmological conditions.
Current methods for mapping pupillary responses can be time-consuming and lack detailed spatial resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and validate a novel, rapid method for mapping multifocal pupillary response fields.
To assess the relationship between visual stimulus characteristics and pupillary responses.
To evaluate the clinical utility of the developed method in diagnosing retinopathies and neuropathies.

Main Methods:

Development of multifocal Pupillary Frequency Tagging (mPFT) using a visual stimulus with nine sectors modulated at unique temporal frequencies.
Recording sustained pupillary responses to a 45-second multipartite stimulus in 36 healthy participants.
Analysis of spectral power and phase lag of pupillary responses, alongside global pupil state features.
Investigation of structural (RNFL) and functional (mPFT) relationships.
Clinical studies on patients with neuropathies and retinopathies.

Main Results:

The spectral power of pupillary responses directly reflects the contribution of each stimulus sector/frequency.
Phase lag analysis provides additional insights into temporal dynamics of the pupillary response.
Test-retest reliability demonstrated good repeatability.
mPFT features, particularly spectral power distribution, showed high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing patients from healthy controls, mirroring disease characteristics.

Conclusions:

Multifocal Pupillary Frequency Tagging (mPFT) is a fast, objective, and repeatable method for assessing retino-pupillary circuit integrity.
The method allows for objective assessment and follow-up of retinopathies and neuropathies.
mPFT offers a convenient tool for clinical diagnosis and monitoring of visual pathway disorders.