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Thyroid US-guided FNA techniques: A prospective,randomized controlled study.

Sarah Cohn1, Raed Farhat2, Nidal El Khatib2

  • 1Bar-Ilan University's Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Safed, Israel.

American Journal of Otolaryngology
|April 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The long axis approach for ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (US FNAC) of thyroid nodules does not yield fewer non-diagnostic results compared to the short axis approach. Both methods showed similar rates of inconclusive samples.

Keywords:
Long axis techniqueShort axis techniqueThyroid noduleUltrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Radiology
  • Cytopathology

Background:

  • Thyroid nodules are highly prevalent in the general population.
  • Ultrasonography is the primary imaging modality for thyroid nodule evaluation.
  • Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (US FNAC) is crucial for diagnosing thyroid nodules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the diagnostic yield of the long axis (parallel) versus the short axis (perpendicular) approach in US FNAC.
  • To determine if one technique results in a lower percentage of non-diagnostic samples.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective randomized controlled trial involving 245 thyroid nodules.
  • Patients underwent US FNAC using either the long axis or short axis needle insertion technique.
  • Data collected included patient demographics and nodule characteristics.

Main Results:

  • 122 nodules were sampled using the long axis method, and 123 using the short axis method.
  • The rate of non-diagnostic results was 11.5% for the long axis and 16.3% for the short axis.
  • There was no statistically significant difference in non-diagnostic rates between the two approaches.

Conclusions:

  • The long axis approach for US FNAC does not produce more conclusive results or fewer non-diagnostic samples (Bethesda category 1) than the short axis approach.
  • Findings contradict some previous studies suggesting better performance of the long axis method.
  • The study was conducted by a single physician expert in both techniques.