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Pulmonary function and body composition parameters of children with cystic fibrosis from a hight complexity

Aura María Salazar-Solarte1, Laura Torres-Canchala2, Frank Carrera-Gil3

  • 1Pediatrics Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia; Interdisciplinary Research Group in Epidemiology and Public Health, Universidad Libre, Seccional, Cali, Colombia.

Pediatrics and Neonatology
|April 24, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Appendicular skeletal muscle mass is a better indicator of lung function in children with cystic fibrosis than Body Mass Index (BMI). Comprehensive body composition analysis alongside BMI is recommended for monitoring these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Pulmonology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Adequate nutrition in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients improves survival and lung function.
  • Body Mass Index (BMI) is an independent predictor of pulmonary function in CF but may mask nutritional status changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between lung function and BMI with body composition parameters in pediatric CF patients.
  • To assess the efficacy of different nutritional indicators in predicting pulmonary function in children with CF.

Main Methods:

  • Observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study of 33 CF patients (5-17 years old).
  • Correlation analysis using Spearman's test between FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) and BMI/body composition parameters (bioelectrical impedance).

Main Results:

  • Appendicular skeletal muscle mass showed a positive correlation with FEV1 (p<0.001).
  • Percentage of fat-free mass (p=0.006) and phase angle (p=0.001) also correlated positively with lung function.
  • Percent fat mass negatively correlated with FEV1 (p=0.007), while BMI and fat-free mass index did not show significant correlation (p=0.085).

Conclusions:

  • Appendicular skeletal muscle mass is a more sensitive indicator of lung function in pediatric CF patients than BMI.
  • Routine anthropometric follow-up in CF should incorporate body composition analysis alongside BMI.
  • Further studies with larger cohorts are needed to standardize the use of body composition parameters in CF management.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bioelectrical impedanceCystic fibrosisLung functionNutrition

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