[Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Prospects of Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease --Review]

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Transplantation Medicine
• Oncology

Background:

• Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) affects 30%-70% of patients post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
• cGVHD involves complex immune responses, including T cells, cytokines, and donor lymphocyte infiltration, leading to target organ damage.
• Unlike acute GVHD, cGVHD presents distinct immunological challenges impacting long-term patient survival and quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the pathogenesis of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD).
• To explore current and future therapeutic strategies for cGVHD.
• To provide insights from the perspectives of innate and adaptive immunity.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent studies on cGVHD.
• Analysis of immune cell and cytokine involvement in cGVHD pathogenesis.
• Synthesis of information on therapeutic targets and prospects.

Main Results:

• cGVHD pathogenesis involves abnormal T cell activation and cytokine storms.
• Donor lymphocyte infiltration and host organ damage are key features.
• Progress has been made in targeting specific immune cells and cytokines.

Conclusions:

• Understanding cGVHD pathogenesis is crucial for developing effective treatments.
• Targeting innate and adaptive immune responses offers promising therapeutic avenues.
• Further research into immune modulation is essential for improving cGVHD outcomes.