Evaluation of Structural and Functional Retinal Changes in Children With Intermittent Exotropia Versus Healthy...

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Neuroscience
• Pediatric eye care

Background:

• Intermittent exotropia is a common childhood strabismus.
• Early detection of associated retinal changes is crucial for management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate structural and functional retinal alterations in children with intermittent exotropia.
• Utilize optical coherence tomography (OCT) and electroretinography (ERG) for comprehensive assessment.

Main Methods:

• Included 26 children with intermittent exotropia and 26 controls.
• Performed OCT for macular and optic nerve assessment.
• Conducted pattern ERG and multifocal ERG to evaluate retinal function.

Main Results:

• Intermittent exotropia group showed thinner ganglion cell complex and retinal nerve fiber layer.
• Multifocal ERG revealed prolonged latencies and reduced amplitudes.
• Pattern ERG showed decreased P50 amplitude and prolonged N95 latency.

Conclusions:

• Children with intermittent exotropia have subnormal retinal structure and function.
• These findings suggest subtle retinal changes occur even without amblyopia or refractive error.