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A retrospective study of cumulative absolute reduction in axial length after photobiomodulation therapy
Kaikai Qiu1, Coveney David2, Ying Li3
1Fuzhou Southeast Institute of Visual Ophthalmology, Fuzhou (City), China. kkaiqiu@126.com.
Insights
Photobiomodulation therapy shows age and time-dependent effectiveness in controlling myopia by reducing ocular axial length in children. Greater axial length reduction was observed in older children, with cumulative effects over time.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Ophthalmology
- Myopia Control
Background:
- Myopia is a growing concern in children.
- Photobiomodulation therapy (PBT) is being explored for myopia control.
- Real-world data on PBT effectiveness in pediatric myopia is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the age and timeline distribution of ocular axial length shortening in myopic children treated with PBT.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of PBT for myopia control in different age groups.
- To determine the cumulative effect of PBT on axial length over time.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 342 Chinese children (4-13 years old) undergoing PBT for 6-12 months.
- Axial length measurements were analyzed to assess myopia control effectiveness.
- Effectiveness was defined as axial length reduction or stabilization.
- Independent t-test compared outcomes between two age groups (4-8 and 9-13 years).
Main Results:
- Significant axial length shortening was observed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months follow-up (85.4%, 46.3%, 71.2%, 58.3% of children, respectively).
- Mean axial length differences ranged from -0.028 to -0.039 mm across follow-up periods.
- Older children (9-13 years) showed significantly greater axial length shortening compared to younger children (4-8 years) (P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
- Photobiomodulation therapy demonstrates age-related effectiveness in myopia control for children.
- The therapeutic effect of PBT on axial length reduction is time-dependent and cumulative.
- PBT is a promising non-invasive treatment for pediatric myopia, with outcomes influenced by patient age.
Background:
To assess the age and timeline distribution of ocular axial length shortening among myopic children treated with photobiomodulation therapy in the real world situations.
Methods:
Retrospective study of photobiomodulation therapy in Chinese children aged 4 to 13 years old where axial length measurements were recorded and assessed to determine effectiveness at two age groups (4 ∼ 8 years old group and 9 ∼ 13 years old group). Data was collected from myopic children who received photobiomodulation therapy for 6 ∼ 12 months. Effectiveness of myopia control was defined as any follow-up axial length ≤ baseline axial length, confirming a reduction in axial length. Independent t-test was used to compare the effectiveness of the younger group and the older group with SPSS 22.0.
Results:
342 myopic children were included with mean age 8.64 ± 2.20 years and baseline mean axial length of 24.41 ± 1.17 mm. There were 85.40%, 46.30%, 71.20% and 58.30% children with axial length shortening recorded at follow-up for 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months, respectively. With respect to the axial length shortened eyes, the mean axial length difference (standard deviation) was - 0.039 (0.11) mm, -0.032 (0.11) mm, -0.037 (0.12) mm, -0.028 (0.57) mm at 1, 3, 6, and 12-month follow-up, respectively. Greater AL shortening was observed among the older group who had longer baseline axial lengths than the younger group (P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
Overall myopia control effectiveness using photobiomodulation therapy was shown to be age and time related, with the maximum absolute reduction in axial elongation being cumulative.
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