Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Sicca Syndrome

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunology
• Rheumatology

Background:

• Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are crucial in cancer therapy.
• Sicca syndrome is an underrecognized adverse event associated with ICI treatment.
• This condition significantly affects patients' quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the incidence and clinical spectrum of sicca syndrome in patients receiving ICIs.
• To provide a diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for managing ICI-induced sicca syndrome.
• To enhance clinical practice regarding this complication.

Main Methods:

• Literature review on ICI-associated sicca syndrome.
• Analysis of reported clinical cases and treatment outcomes.
• Synthesis of current evidence for diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations.

Main Results:

• Sicca syndrome occurs with varying frequency across different ICI therapies.
• Clinical manifestations range from mild dryness to severe symptoms impacting daily activities.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate management can mitigate functional consequences.

Conclusions:

• Sicca syndrome is a significant, often underestimated, complication of ICI therapy.
• A structured approach to diagnosis and treatment is essential for patient care.
• Further research is needed to fully understand the pathophysiology and optimize management.