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The Relationship between Pathogenesis and Possible Treatments for the MASLD-Cirrhosis Spectrum
Paulina Vidal-Cevallos1, Adriana P Sorroza-Martínez2, Norberto C Chávez-Tapia1,2
1Obesity and Digestive Diseases Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City 14050, Mexico.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 27, 2024
Summary
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) involves liver fat accumulation due to metabolic issues. Lifestyle changes are key, but some patients may need medication for MASLD treatment.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Metabolic Diseases
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) encompasses a spectrum of liver conditions.
- MASLD development is multifactorial, influenced by environment, microbiome, comorbidities, and genetics.
- It is linked to metabolic syndrome, characterized by liver lipid accumulation from fatty acid metabolism imbalance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the factors influencing MASLD development and progression.
- To discuss the mechanisms driving MASLD to fibrosis.
- To highlight current and potential treatment strategies for MASLD.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of MASLD pathogenesis and treatment.
- Analysis of the role of metabolic syndrome and lifestyle in MASLD.
- Examination of the progression from steatosis to fibrosis.
Main Results:
- MASLD progression to fibrosis involves mitochondrial fatty acid overload, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation.
- Unhealthy lifestyle habits and epigenetic/genetic factors contribute to MASLD development.
- Significant weight loss (≥10%) can resolve steatohepatitis and regress fibrosis.
Conclusions:
- Lifestyle modification is the primary treatment for MASLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
- Pharmacological interventions are necessary for specific patient populations unable to achieve weight reduction.
- Further research into MASLD mechanisms and treatments is warranted.
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