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Measurement of Fluid Pressure01:16

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Fluid pressure is commonly measured using devices called manometers, which rely on liquid columns to indicate pressure differences. The height of a liquid column in a manometer reflects the pressure exerted by the fluid, providing a simple yet effective means of measurement. Different types of manometers serve specific purposes based on their configurations and the type of fluids involved.
A basic form of manometer is the piezometer, a vertical tube open at the top and filled with the same...
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Continuous Instream Monitoring of Nutrients and Sediment in Agricultural Watersheds
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Low-Cost Approach to an Instream Water Depth Sensor Construction Using Differential Pressure Sensors and Arduino

Reagan H Pearce1, Michael A Chadwick2, Bruce Main3

  • 1Department of Geography, Faculty of Social and Historical Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new, low-cost Arduino-based water depth sensor offers a budget-friendly alternative for hydrological monitoring. This DIY sensor provides accurate data for flood risk and water management, proving cost-effective for researchers.

Keywords:
Arduinoenvironmental sensorshydrologylow costmonitoringwater depth

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Area of Science:

  • Hydrology
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Accurate hydrological data is crucial for effective flood risk and water resource management, especially with climate change impacts.
  • High-resolution monitoring networks are often hindered by high costs and environmental challenges.
  • Developing affordable monitoring solutions is essential for widespread hydrological data collection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and test a low-cost, "build-it-yourself" instream water depth sensor.
  • To assess the viability of this sensor for future hydrological monitoring projects.
  • To compare the performance and cost-effectiveness against a commercial-grade sensor.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed a sensor using an Arduino microcontroller, differential pressure sensor, thermistor, real-time clock, and SD card module.
  • Deployed the Arduino-based logger alongside a calibrated Solinst LevelLogger 5 Junior for six months.
  • Collected and analyzed water depth and temperature data from the River Wissey, UK.

Main Results:

  • The Arduino-based logger demonstrated a mean absolute error of ±0.69 cm for water depth and ±0.415 °C for water temperature.
  • The DIY sensor cost £133.35 (USD 168.26), significantly less than the commercial logger's £408 (USD 514.83).
  • The low-cost sensor offers a substantial economic advantage for hydrological data collection.

Conclusions:

  • The Arduino-based water depth sensor is a viable, cost-effective tool for hydrological monitoring.
  • Its low cost makes it highly advantageous for projects with budget constraints.
  • Project suitability depends on accepting potential trade-offs in time investment and accuracy.