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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
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Sexual recognition and fertilization in brown algae.

J A Callow

    Journal of Cell Science. Supplement
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Fertilization in brown algae involves species-specific recognition between egg and sperm cells. This study used glycosidases and lectins to investigate molecular interactions, suggesting specific sugar residues are key to successful fertilization.

    Area of Science:

    • Marine Biology
    • Reproductive Biology
    • Algal Physiology

    Background:

    • Fucoid brown algae exhibit oogamous fertilization with distinct egg and sperm cells.
    • Fertilization is highly species-specific, with recognition mechanisms occurring during plasmogamy.
    • A rapid release of cell wall material post-fertilization allows for quantitative bioassays.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the molecular basis of species-specific egg-sperm recognition in fucoid algae.
    • To identify potential molecular players involved in gamete recognition during fertilization.
    • To explore the role of specific carbohydrate residues in mediating egg-sperm interactions.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a quantitative fertilization bioassay based on post-fertilization cell wall release.

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  • Examined the effects of glycosidases (alpha-fucosidase, alpha-mannosidase) on fertilization rates.
  • Investigated interactions using lectins (concanavalin A, RCA120, Fucose Binding Protein) and fluorescent labeling.
  • Attempted isolation of egg receptor fractions using affinity chromatography.
  • Employed antisera against sperm flagellar antigens to inhibit fertilization.

    • Main Results:

    • Glycosidase treatment of eggs inhibited fertilization, suggesting the involvement of specific sugar residues.
    • Lectins showed differential binding patterns to eggs and sperm, impacting fertilization success.
    • Fucose Binding Protein binding to sperm inhibited fertilization, indicating a potential role for fucose residues.
    • Partial success in isolating soluble egg receptor-like fractions.
    • Antisera against sperm flagellar antigens inhibited fertilization in a species-specific manner.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific sugar residues on egg and sperm surfaces are likely involved in species-specific recognition during fertilization.
    • Further characterization of isolated receptor fractions and sperm flagellar antigens is needed to pinpoint the fertilization receptor.
    • The study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms governing gamete recognition in brown algae.