Natural Nano-Minerals (NNMs): Conception, Classification and Their Biomedical Composites

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Biomedicine
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Natural nano-minerals (NNMs) are earth-derived materials with nanoscale dimensions (<100 nm in at least one dimension).
• NNMs possess advantageous properties including large surface area, numerous active sites, high adsorption capacity, abundance, low cost, and non-toxicity.
• These characteristics make NNMs highly promising for various scientific and technological fields.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of NNMs and their biomedical applications.
• To classify NNMs based on their dimensionality (0D, 1D, 2D, 3D).
• To introduce the concept of natural nanomineral medical materials (NNMMs) and discuss their potential medical value.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and classification of NNMs by dimension.
• Analysis of the structure and properties of representative NNMs.
• Illustration of current and potential biomedical applications of NNM-based nanocomposites.

Main Results:

• NNMs are categorized into three dimensional types, with detailed descriptions of their structures and properties.
• Various biomedical applications of NNMs are presented, showcasing their versatility.
• The concept of NNMMs is proposed, emphasizing their significance in medicine.

Conclusions:

• NNMs exhibit remarkable properties suitable for advanced material development.
• NNM-based nanocomposites show significant potential in diverse biomedical applications.
• NNMMs are poised to play a crucial role in advancing human health and medical treatments.