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A Biomimetic Multifunctional Scaffold for Infectious Vertical Bone Augmentation.

Yifan Zhang1, Zixin Li2, Houzuo Guo1

  • 1Department of Oral Implantology, National Center for Stomatology, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Translational Research Center for Oro-craniofacial Stem Cells and Systemic Health, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|May 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A novel bone scaffold incorporating silver nanowires (AgNWs) effectively combats infection and promotes bone regeneration in animal models. This breakthrough offers new hope for treating challenging infectious vertical bone defects.

Keywords:
antibacterialmineralized collagenosseointegrationsilver nanowiresvertical bone augmentation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Treating infectious vertical bone defects is clinically challenging due to limitations in controlling bacterial infection, hindering bone regeneration.
  • Existing treatments lack materials with combined osteogenic and antibacterial capabilities, necessitating novel solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize a multifunctional scaffold (IMC/AgNWs) mimicking natural bone nanostructures for infectious bone defect treatment.
  • To evaluate the antibacterial and osteogenic potential of the IMC/AgNWs scaffold in preclinical models.

Main Methods:

  • A hierarchical, intrafibrillar mineralized collagen matrix was incorporated with silver nanowires (AgNWs) at 0.5 mg/mL.
  • Antimicrobial activity was tested against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans.
  • Osteoinductive properties were assessed via co-culture with periodontal ligament stem cells.
  • Efficacy was evaluated in rat mandibular and beagle dog peri-implantitis models.

Main Results:

  • IMC/AgNWs demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.
  • The scaffold exhibited excellent osteoinductive activity under both non-inflammatory and inflammatory conditions.
  • Near-complete healing of rat mandibular infected periodontal defects was achieved via BMP/Smad signaling.
  • Enhanced vertical bone height and osseointegration were observed in beagle dogs with peri-implantitis.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized IMC/AgNWs scaffold effectively inhibits bacterial activity and promotes infectious bone augmentation.
  • This material shows significant potential for clinical translation in treating infectious vertical bone defects and enhancing osseointegration.