Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

In- and Out-Groups01:31

In- and Out-Groups

39.0K
People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.
39.0K
Robbers Cave04:49

Robbers Cave

14.3K
During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension...
14.3K
Deindividuation00:57

Deindividuation

26.4K
Deindividuation is a form of social influence on an individual’s behavior such that the individual engages in unusual or non-normal behavior while in a group setting. Why? Because in these group settings, the individual no longer sees themselves as an individual anymore, disinhibiting their behavior and personal restraint.
26.4K
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

90.2K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
90.2K
Group Polarization01:01

Group Polarization

34.3K
Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
34.3K
The Stanford Prison Experiment03:20

The Stanford Prison Experiment

23.2K
The famous and controversial Stanford Prison Experiment, conducted by social psychologist Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues at Stanford University, demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts.
23.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Assessing undergraduate mentoring competency in a research-intensive Hispanic serving institution: A revalidation.

PloS one·2026
Same author

PKM2 is a key regulator of cardiac lipid metabolism in mice.

Mitochondrion·2025
Same author

BUILDing SCHOLARS: A program exemplar at a Hispanic serving institution to develop biomedical researchers.

PloS one·2025
Same author

Loss of PKM2 dysregulates inflammatory signaling in the infarcted murine heart.

Physiological reports·2025
Same author

PKM2 regulates metabolic flux and oxidative stress in the murine heart.

Physiological reports·2024
Same author

Retention and Graduation of STEM Students at a Majority Hispanic Serving Institution: Effect of Participation in a Freshman Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences Sequence.

The chronicle of mentoring & coaching·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
06:42

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

11.6K

On the Defensive: Identity, Language, and Partisan Reactions to Political Scandal.

Pierce D Ekstrom1, Marti Hope Gonzales2, Allison L Williams3

  • 1University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA.

Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin
|May 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Political partisans are more forgiving of in-party politicians who deny or justify misconduct than apologize. This bias protects the party's image and signals commitment to partisan goals, especially when the misconduct benefits the party.

Keywords:
communicationconflictgroup processespolitical psychologyscandal

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception
05:48

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception

Published on: August 9, 2024

1.5K
An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime
07:36

An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime

Published on: May 3, 2016

8.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
06:42

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

11.6K
Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception
05:48

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception

Published on: August 9, 2024

1.5K
An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime
07:36

An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime

Published on: May 3, 2016

8.5K

Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Political Psychology
  • Group Dynamics

Background:

  • Ingroup bias influences political judgments.
  • Social identity and realistic group conflict theories explain intergroup behavior.
  • Partisan responses to political scandals are complex and influenced by group affiliation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how political affiliation affects the judgment of politicians involved in scandals.
  • To test whether partisans are more forgiving of in-party politicians who deny or justify misconduct compared to those who apologize.
  • To explore the conditions under which these forgiving responses are amplified.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted to examine participant responses to hypothetical political scandals.
  • Participants' reactions to politicians' explanations (denial, justification, apology, silence) were measured.
  • The study manipulated the perceived benefit of the misconduct to the politician's party and the politician's status.

Main Results:

  • Participants reacted more positively to in-party politicians who denied or justified misconduct compared to those who remained silent.
  • Apologies did not elicit negative responses but were less effective than denials or justifications.
  • The effectiveness of denial/justification was contingent on the misconduct benefiting the party or the politician holding a high-status/pivotal seat.

Conclusions:

  • Partisan forgiveness of political misconduct is influenced by strategic considerations, such as defending party image and goals.
  • Denial and justification serve as effective strategies for in-party politicians to mitigate negative judgment.
  • Intergroup political contexts can lead individuals to accept explanations for misconduct that might otherwise be deemed offensive.