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Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Accurate and Simple Measurement of the Pro-inflammatory Cytokine IL-1β using a Whole Blood Stimulation Assay
Published on: March 1, 2011
Erythrocyte-bound immune complexes trigger the release of interleukin-1 from human monocytes
Abstract:
We have demonstrated herein that immune complexes (IC) bound to O+ human erythrocytes trigger the release of interleukin-1 (IL-1) from human monocytes in vitro. The efficiency of monocytes stimulation by erythrocyte-bound IC is in sharp contrast to the lack of stimulation of monocytes by soluble IC. The IL-1 activity triggered by erythrocyte-bound IC was lower than that induced by insoluble IC or opsonized fluorescent latex beads, but was greater than that induced by anti-D-treated O+ human erythrocytes. The magnitude of IL-1 release induced by insoluble IC and erythrocyte-bound IC were similar up to 18 hr of incubation. The IL-1 activity decreased in the supernatant of monocytes exposed to erythrocyte-bound IC for 40 hr, while the activity of IL-1 induced by insoluble IC remained at a high level. The physiological and physiopathological significance of triggering IL-1 release by erythrocyte-bound IC are discussed.
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