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Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...

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A new method for quantifying ⁶⁴Cu in nuclear debris samples.

Melinda S Wren¹, Alexander B Weberg¹, Amanda A Salazar¹

¹Nuclear and Radiochemistry (C-NR), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop J-514, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.

|May 8, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new method improves copper-64 (⁶⁴Cu) detection in nuclear debris. This technique enhances sensitivity for analyzing nuclear device materials, even with limited samples.

Keywords:

Beta counting Copper-64 Nuclear forensics Separation

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Area of Science:

Nuclear Chemistry
Radiochemistry
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Quantifying copper-64 (⁶⁴Cu) in nuclear debris is crucial for diagnosing nuclear device materials.
Challenges include ⁶⁴Cu's weak gamma emissions, short half-life, and interfering radioisotopes.
Traditional methods require large sample quantities, posing issues in sample-limited scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel method for separating ⁶⁴Cu from mixed fission products.
To improve the detection limits for quantifying ⁶⁴Cu activity in nuclear debris samples.

Main Methods:

A new chemical separation technique was developed for isolating ⁶⁴Cu.
Quantification was achieved using gas-flow proportional beta counting.
The method underwent rigorous validation testing.

Main Results:

The new separation method effectively isolates ⁶⁴Cu from mixed fission product solutions.
Detection limits for ⁶⁴Cu were improved by over two orders of magnitude (from 2.5 × 10⁶ to 1.3 × 10⁴ atoms/sample).
This improvement was demonstrated for 100-minute measurements.

Conclusions:

The developed method significantly enhances the ability to quantify ⁶⁴Cu in nuclear debris.
This advancement is particularly valuable for sample-limited scenarios and improves diagnostic capabilities for nuclear devices.