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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2025

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Phthiriasis palpebrarum masquerading as blepharitis.

Parul Mittal1, Nikhila Jain1, Priti Singh1

  • 1Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Science, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

BMJ Case Reports
|May 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pthiriasis palpebrarum, a rare eye condition caused by pubic lice, can mimic common eyelid issues. Early diagnosis via slit lamp examination and family screening are crucial for effective treatment.

Keywords:
OphthalmologyPublic health

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Dermatology
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Pthiriasis palpebrarum is an uncommon infestation of the eyelids by *Phthirus pubis* (pubic lice).
  • It often presents with symptoms that can be mistaken for more common conditions like blepharitis, including itching, redness, and inflammation of the eyelids.

Observation:

  • A case study involving a young girl presenting with right upper eyelid discomfort is detailed.
  • Clinical examination using a slit lamp revealed the presence of *Phthirus pubis* eggs on her eyelashes and adult lice on the eyelid margins.

Findings:

  • The diagnosis of Pthiriasis palpebrarum was confirmed by dermatological consultation.
  • Successful treatment was administered to the patient.
  • A subsequent family evaluation identified and treated genital *Phthirus pubis* infestation in the parents, indicating potential transmission routes.

Implications:

  • Accurate diagnosis of Pthiriasis palpebrarum requires careful slit lamp and microscopic evaluation to differentiate it from other eyelid conditions.
  • Comprehensive family history and examination are essential for identifying the source of infestation and preventing recurrence.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering parasitic causes in eyelid complaints, even in seemingly unlikely patient populations.