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Development of CO2-switchable deep eutectic solvent-based liquid-liquid microextraction approach: Application in
Lin Yang1, Xiaoyue Yang1, Erxu Wang1
1Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, China.
Analytica Chimica Acta
|May 8, 2024
Summary
This study presents a novel, eco-friendly sample preparation method using CO2-switchable deep eutectic solvents (DES) for faster and more accurate analysis of biological samples. The technique enhances drug development and pharmacokinetic studies.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Pharmacology
- Green Chemistry
Background:
- Pharmacokinetic studies are crucial for drug development, requiring efficient sample preparation.
- Traditional methods use toxic solvents and are time-consuming.
- Deep eutectic solvents (DES) offer an eco-friendly, efficient alternative.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel, rapid, and sensitive sample pretreatment method for biological samples.
- To utilize CO2-switchable DES in liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME).
- To analyze the pharmacokinetic profile of Nelumbinis plumula (NP) extract.
Main Methods:
- Established a liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME) method using switchable DES.
- Optimized key parameters including DES type, volume, pH, and extraction time.
- Analyzed samples using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).
Main Results:
- The optimized method showed excellent linearity (r2 ≥ 0.9958), precision (RSD ≤6.01%), recovery (52.44%-98.12%), and matrix effect (86.22%-119.30%).
- Analyzed urinary excretion and tissue distribution of NP alkaloids (liensinine, isoliensinine, neferine).
- Determined cumulative urinary excretion and identified primary distribution in liver, kidney, and spleen.
Conclusions:
- Developed a simple, fast, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly sample preparation technique using CO2-switchable DES-LLME.
- Integrated deproteinization and interfering molecule removal into a single step.
- Provided the first report on NP alkaloid urinary excretion and tissue distribution using DES-LLME, offering insights into herbal medicine's in vivo behavior.
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