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Predictors of lung function in early adulthood: A population-based cohort study.
Xian Zhang1,2, Andrew R Gray1, Robert J Hancox1
1Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)
|May 9, 2024
Summary
Childhood asthma and airway issues lower early adult lung function, increasing COPD risk. Promoting physical activity and healthy weight, while preventing smoking, are key for lung health.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Lung function peaks in early adulthood, then declines.
- Suboptimal early adult lung function is a risk factor for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
- Understanding childhood/adolescent influences on lung function plateau is crucial for COPD natural history insights.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate associations between childhood/adolescent exposures and early adult lung function.
- Analyze FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC during the lung function plateau phase.
- Identify potential interactions between various exposures.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal spirometry data from 688 participants in a population-based birth cohort.
- Generalized estimating equations used for repeated measures analysis.
- Examined exposures including asthma, airway hyperresponsiveness, smoking, BMI, and physical activity.
Main Results:
- Childhood asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness linked to lower early adult FEV1 and FEV1/FVC.
- Smoking by age 18 and higher early adult BMI associated with reduced FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC.
- Adolescent physical activity positively associated with FEV1 and FEV1/FVC, particularly in males.
Conclusions:
- Childhood asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness predict lower early adult lung function.
- Interventions targeting these conditions may mitigate mid-late adult COPD risk.
- Prioritizing physical activity, smoking prevention, and healthy weight is essential for lung health.
Keywords:
Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Studyairway hyperresponsivenesschildhood asthmalung function developmentpeak lung functionplateau lung functionpopulation‐based cohort studyMore Related Videos
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