Electrochemical Immunoassay Platform for Human Monkeypox Virus Detection

In this study, we reported a selective impedimetric biosensor for the detection of A29 which is the target protein of the monkeypox virus (MPXV). The working principle of the biosensor relies on the interaction mechanism between A29, which is an internal membrane protein of MPXV, and the heparan sulfate receptor. For this purpose, after immobilizing heparan sulfate onto the gold screen-printed electrode surface, its interaction with A29 protein was monitored using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. After the optimization of experimental parameters, the analytical characteristics of the developed MPVX immunosensor were examined. The developed immunosensor exhibited a linear detection range between 2.0 and 50 ng mL^-1, with a detection limit of 2.08 ng mL^-1 and a quantification limit of 6.28 ng mL^-1. Furthermore, a relative standard deviation value of 2.82% was determined for 25 ng mL^-1. Apart from that, sample application studies were also performed with the standard addition of A29 protein to 1:10 diluted real serum samples that were taken from healthy individuals, and very good recovery values were obtained.