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Related Concept Videos

Role of Septins01:02

Role of Septins

1.7K
Septins are the recently discovered fourth major protein component of the cytoskeleton, along with microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. These proteins can associate with other cytoskeletal filaments and carry out varied roles or can be free-floating in the cytoplasm.
Cellular Functions of Septins
Recent studies have revealed the multifaceted roles of septins in various cellular processes such as cytokinesis, ciliogenesis, and neurogenesis. Septins act as scaffolds and...
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Septins01:19

Septins

1.8K
Septins are protein filaments forming the cytoskeleton along with the microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and other accessory proteins. In 1971 while studying the cell division cycle in mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Harwell et al. first identified the septin-related genes playing a crucial role in yeast cytokinesis. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that these proteins localize at the budding neck as rings. These ring-like proteins were then named Septins by John Pringle, and...
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Actin Filament Depolymerization01:19

Actin Filament Depolymerization

3.1K
Actin filaments (F-actin) are composed of actin subunits. The dissociation of actin monomers can occur from either end of F-actin. The rate of dissociation is faster from the minus-end or the pointed end, where the actin subunits exist with a bound ADP, together known as ADP-actin. The depolymerization of F-actin is aided by proteins, including the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) and cofilin family of proteins, gelsolin, and glia maturation factor (GMF).
In F-actin, the ADF/cofilin proteins...
3.1K
The Role of Actin and Myosin in Non-muscle Cells01:10

The Role of Actin and Myosin in Non-muscle Cells

3.5K
Actin and myosin or actomyosin filaments also play a significant role in cells other than those involved in muscle contraction (which occurs within the sarcomere of muscle cells). The mechanism of non-muscle cell contractile bundles was first observed in Dictyostelium and Acanthamoeba. In non-muscle cells, two bundles are commonly found: stress fibers and actomyosin adherence belts. These contractile bundles are smaller and less organized than the ones found in muscle cells. They  are held...
3.5K
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation01:31

Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation

2.5K
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
2.5K
Phases of Wound Repair01:28

Phases of Wound Repair

6.0K
Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
Formation of Blood Clot
In case of deep injuries, trauma to blood vessels results in blood loss. In the meantime, phospholipids released from the ruptured endothelial cellular membrane are converted into arachidonic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Purification and Quality Control of Recombinant Septin Complexes for Cell-Free Reconstitution
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Purification and Quality Control of Recombinant Septin Complexes for Cell-Free Reconstitution

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Two Septin complexes mediate actin dynamics during cell wound repair.

Viktor Stjepić1, Mitsutoshi Nakamura1, Justin Hui1

  • 1Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.

Cell Reports
|May 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Two distinct Drosophila Septin complexes regulate cell wound repair by controlling actomyosin ring dynamics. These complexes ensure efficient plasma membrane resealing and cytoskeletal restoration after cellular damage.

Keywords:
AnillinCP: Cell biologyDrosophilaSeptinsactin bendingactin bundlingcell wound repaircytoskeleton

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Bottom-Up In Vitro Methods to Assay the Ultrastructural Organization, Membrane Reshaping, and Curvature Sensitivity Behavior of Septins
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Bottom-Up In Vitro Methods to Assay the Ultrastructural Organization, Membrane Reshaping, and Curvature Sensitivity Behavior of Septins

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Reconstitution of Septin Assembly at Membranes to Study Biophysical Properties and Functions
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Reconstitution of Septin Assembly at Membranes to Study Biophysical Properties and Functions
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Reconstitution of Septin Assembly at Membranes to Study Biophysical Properties and Functions

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Molecular and cell mechanics

Background:

  • Cells possess sophisticated wound repair mechanisms to maintain integrity against mechanical and chemical stress.
  • Actomyosin ring assembly and contraction are critical for plasma membrane and cytoskeleton repair during cell wounding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Drosophila Septins in cell wound repair.
  • To elucidate the distinct functions of Septin complexes in regulating actomyosin dynamics during repair.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized knockdown and mutant phenotypes to analyze Septin function.
  • Examined recruitment patterns of Septin complexes to wound sites.
  • Assessed F-actin bending activities of different Septin complexes.

Main Results:

  • All five Drosophila Septins are essential for efficient cell wound repair.
  • Two distinct Septin complexes (Sep1/Sep2/Pnut and Sep4/Sep5/Pnut) are assembled and differentially regulate actin ring dynamics.
  • These complexes exhibit distinct F-actin bending activities.
  • Anillin selectively recruits one of the two Septin complexes upon wounding.

Conclusions:

  • Two functionally distinct Septin complexes cooperate to precisely regulate actomyosin ring dynamics during cell wound repair.
  • Septins play a crucial, multifaceted role in cellular repair processes, ensuring rapid restoration of cell integrity.